In 2025, the Public Switch Telephone Network (PSTN) and Integrated Services Digital Network (ISDN) will reach their end of life.
By then, every analogue phone line in the UK will have moved to a fully digital network that uses Internet Protocol (IP) across a fibre-based service. This won’t just affect voice services; it may also mean you need to upgrade your access services and migrate critical systems.

IoT ecosystems are underpinning more and more services across the UK. Before we look at cyber security in an IoT context, it’s worth recounting how we arrived in a connected world.

The UK is set to spend over £9bn this year on PFI contracts – and a total of £48bn in the next five years. This level of spending will continue until we see the first peak in contracts expiring around 2030. Expiry will see assets worth £14bn (their original capital value) transferring back to public ownership.